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11/10/04
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Book Review - Evangelism & The Sovereignty of God

When it comes to evangelism, it seems that Calvinists have quite a poor reputation in the church today. Most of the largest and seemingly most successful mission organizations were founded by Arminians and continue to be based around Arminian theology. Arminian churches seem to grow much faster than churches based on Calvinist principles. It seems that part of the reason for this is that Calvinists have such a high view of God’s sovereignty that it is easy for them to assume that there is no reason for Christians to evangelize. After all, if God truly is sovereign, if He does control absolutely everything, what reason is there to evangelize? If God has ordained someone will be saved, they reason, that person will be saved regardless of my efforts. Perhaps evangelism is even sinful, for is it possible that it actually denies God’s sovereignty?

It is against this backdrop that J.I. Packer wrote Evangelism & The Sovereignty of God, a classic study on the relationship between God’s sovereignty and the necessity of evangelism. A short but exceedingly powerful book, Packer shows that rather than precluding evangelism, God’s sovereignty provides the most powerful incentive and support for it.

Packer begins by presenting the concept of antinomy, which he defines as “an appearance of contradiction between conclusions which seem equally logical, reasonable or necessary.” An antinomy we face as believers is that of God’s sovereignty and human responsibility. Somehow, although God is absolutely sovereign, He has ordained that we would be responsible for our involvement in His plans. Our obedient response to this antinomy is to accept it for what it is and learn to live with it. Any other response would be to minimize something God deems important and even necessary to a godly life. We cannot see Divine sovereignty and human responsible as opposites or principles that are in conflict with each other, but rather as principles that complement each other and are equally true.

The author turns to a lengthy discussion of evangelism where he defines what evangelism is and what it is not. He speaks of the message of evangelism as well as the motive and means for it. He concludes with an examination of how God’s sovereignty affects evangelism. Packer’s conclusion is that “We would not wish to say that man cannot evangelize at all without coming to terms with this doctrine [God’s sovereignty]; but we venture to think that, other things being equal, he will be able to evangelize better for believing it.”

For a book weighing in at a mere 126 pages, this one contains impressive depth and contains a thorough and satisfying treatment of the subject. I highly recommend this book for all believers and trust anyone will be able to learn and grow through it.

Book Review - Evangelism & The Sovereignty of God

Comments (11) »


1. Tim H.
May 30, 2007
3:00 PM

Wow. I just read this one yesterday and today… what a phenomenal book. Thank you so much Dr. Packer!


2. SteveE
May 30, 2007
8:01 PM

I love most of the books by Dr. Packer. He is a well studied and easy read, with a great deal of depth.

Although you would stereotypically place me in the Arminian camp, I doubt very much that my beliefs are very far removed from your own. I have never had a problem with God being totally sovereign. Yet the very difficulties that generate the lack of evangelism among the Reformed is in its essence - a matter of choice. And one of the largest of the contradictions on both sides of the issue of salvation.

You would think that so great an opposition of beliefs would push students of God’s word to find the middle road, so to speak. The command for us to evangelize would in and of itself be an indication that a choice is involved. I don’t mean to support the majority of the Arminian beliefs; for their understanding in general takes the issue of choice too far from God and does indeed reduce Him. Giving to us far too much of what He alone must be.

Yet Calvinism/Reformed beliefs leave us as mere vessels occupying space until we are judged for sins we could not have stopped, for there cannot be responsibility for sin when there is no choice between right and wrong.

I find that God is not lessened in any way by our ability to, with the power of the Word of God, choose Him over this world. It is our own blind adherence to theologies, instead of seeking to know God, that will in the end doom us. Since scripture supports that God is perfectly willing to allow us to believe a lie - and condemn us for it - you would think that alone would be impetus enough to examine more, and see past the filter of our theologies, and find if we are possibly on the wrong path.


3. donsands
May 31, 2007
10:37 AM

“It is our own blind adherence to theologies, instead of seeking to know God, that will in the end doom us. “

Personally I seek to know God through theology. In fact there is no other way to know God, unless one reads, studies, and seeks the deep doctrines of the Holy Scriptures.

These go hand in hand in loving and serving the Lord.

” .. he will be able to evangelize better for believing it.” Amen.


4. mikbry24
May 31, 2007
1:25 PM

I agree with donsands…it would be difficult to know, love and serve God without theology.

Since scripture supports that God is perfectly willing to allow us to believe a lie - and condemn us for it - you would think that alone would be impetus enough to examine more, and see past the filter of our theologies, and find if we are possibly on the wrong path.

Interestingly, God not only “allows us to believe a lie” but actually sends the delusion according to 2 Thessalonians 2. :-)


5. Mark
May 31, 2007
3:43 PM

Hi SteveE,

Perhaps you could differentiate for us your view on once-for-all salvation vs. hellbent pursuit of the world and the daily choice between right and wrong. Responsible Calvinism does differentiate between the two. Thanks in advance.


6. SteveE
May 31, 2007
5:48 PM

I suppose I should clarifiy my statement a bit, as regards blind theology.

Any persuit of God is going to be a theology of some sort. That much is a given. The difficulty arises when, as Tim wrote so well, we box God and package him up. Yet, that is not all that we do.

We stand in the midst of hundreds of beliefs. The wise among us would say that no one has a monopoly on truth; though to be honest Reformed theology would be among the most inflexible of them. Yet we put on the glasses, or blinders if you will, of the theology we grew up with, or have been taught since child hood. We might even have come to an understanding of Christ later in life.

It is through these glasses that we view scripture. Most times in an attempt to shore up beliefs we already had, or have been challenged by some one. We stop seeking God and end up, possibly, stuck in the rut we choose to be in, rather than seeking to expand our knowledge. Scholarly precision becomes more important than a living relationship with God. Or, God forbid, our understanding was flawed at some basic level, and instead of seeking to understand the reason and solve the puzzle we seek knowledge from others who merely confirm what you already thought you understood.

There is a reason God told us to seek Him earnestly; because any less and it is unlikely that He will impart the correction that we need so badly. Is our fear of change brought about because we are comfortable where we are? Are we afraid that family or respected friends will look down upon us if we find that truth is not among those you currently worship with? The reasons are myriad, and a real danger to the lives of those who claim God as their saviour.

There is a difference between viewing God through our theology, and being open minded enough to follow when His path may take us from our comfortable surroundings.


7. SteveE
May 31, 2007
6:21 PM

Mark,

I find myself a bit confused by your question, so if I don’t hit the mark on this short answer, perhaps you could ask it a different way.

I have always believed in a once-for-all, salvation from Christ. Yet Calvinism/Reformed beliefs take an odd bent on the mechanism of how salvation is extended to the world.

Left to ourselves, indeed we would probably always do the things that would lead us to hell. Yet, there are many good people out there who live lives more in tune with what God would have of His children, than many of His children. Does this mean salvation for them? Of course not. Good in this context means a good done for God, not simply being a good person.

Reformed teaching would have the Spirit of God reaching past the boundaries to effect the ability to be saved. Yet scripture clearly shows that with only a few special occasions the Spirit was imparted only by baptism or by the laying on of the apostles hands. It goes on, in fact, to specifically show that it is the power of God’s Word that imparts the ability bridge the gap. “Faith comes by hearing, and hearing by the Word of God.”

God is not removed from bringing us past the blockage of our fallen selves, but it does give us the major impetus for the need to evangelize.

While this is a very simplistic answer, much scripture can be brought to bear that does not necessarily alter all of Calvin’s teachings, nor negates all of Arminius’. Indeed both sides have much to offer, and much that is wrong at the foundational level. Calvin made God soverigen in his own estimation, while robbing God of the ability to be much, much more…a God who could retain his soverignty and still give His creations the ability to choose for Him. Arminius took it too far the other direction. Yet…in spite of these contradictions, both sides cling resolutely to their beliefs. That is not necessarily a bad thing, and so I throw out these thoughts to perhaps jog us out of our rut.

“A man in the 1920’s sat in his car looking at over fifty miles of heavily rutted dirt road. At the cross road where he stood there was a hand written sign nailed to a post. It read: “Pick your rut carefully, because your going to be in it for a long time.”


8. donsands
May 31, 2007
8:22 PM

“There is a reason God told us to seek Him earnestly; because any less and it is unlikely that He will impart the correction that we need so badly.” -Steve

I agree we need to seek our Father, and do this with a heart motivated by love. However, our love is tainted, isn’t it. We are in a hostile world, with a god who rules this world with deception, and we’re,- (although born again)-, trapped in this body of death. So we had better hope that God is not counting on us to find Him. If He is, then He’s going to waiting for a long time.

But God, with His great love, where He loved us, and brought us to Himself, and poured out His mercy upon us, sought us out, didn’t He. And He is a good Father, who will, by the same grace that saved us, continue to seek His children, and find them, and restore them. Surely He will allow us to go wandering, and to be tested, and this is all to help us grow in the grace and knowledge of His Son, and to be conformed into His image. Surely our seeking Him can at times be blood, sweat, and tears, but we must never forget our Father in heaven is a SOVEREIGN God, a Father who is in absolute control of our lives, and He will never leave us nor forsake us. And I believe for the most part, our seeking to know God, so we can love Him, so we can obey Him, so He is glorified, will be joyful beyond discription! It has been for me.

God bless.


9. SteveE
May 31, 2007
11:49 PM

Amen, Donsands


10. Martin James
June 2, 2007
7:34 AM

Interesting. However, it seems to me that the thread has run self-centered.

I have known Jesus (or Jesus has known me) for almost 30 years now. I have sinned in those years, yet I still cling to the cross and Romans 7:24.

Yet my heart’s cry is not for me, but for the lost I work with and rub elbows with everyday. To know that the eternal destination of hell is their current path bothers me a great deal… but does it bother me enough to speak out?

Does Eze 33:6 motivate me to get out of my-self and plead with God and man?


11. Matthew Cochrane
June 2, 2007
11:37 PM

I find it odd that Calvinists are often stuck with the label of not being “evangelistic.” Going back to George Whitefield and beyond it has often been Calvinists who have led evangelism movements around the world. In our own time, Dr. D. James Kennedy, a PCA minister and a Calvinist if there ever was one, founded Evangelism Explosion, which has offered seminars on evangelism and witnessing in countries around the world.